An arduino board is a chip prototyping device used to control objects and interactive systems and it is a programmable microcontroller and software based ATMega Chip used in different electronics works.
The Arduino chip can be designed to be used by professionals and beginners alike. The board makes use of an additional feature, an Atmel microcontroller and other electronic components to maintain the durability of its computing system. The Arduino board requires 5 volts to operate, so an input between 5-12 volts is provided to the unit by a voltage regulator. The board is an open source so, many different diagrams can be Published under creative common license. One of the most utilized use of the Arduino board apart from its ability to interact with different electronic unit is the controlling of physical outputs like lights, motors, stand alone interaction with the computer.
The Arduino board chip has a very important feature which is its standard connectivity ability. The Arduino board has 16 to 48 I/O pins of which some are for digital purpose and the others which are designed for analog purposes of input voltage measurement. In essence, the digital I/O part of the Arduino board is used to generate pulse-width (single modulation) which can also be called the PWM.
The Arduino board chip digital part allows you (I/O pins) make it possible to read up to 5v values. A pin from the digital part will allow you to turn on an LED (having resistor). A signal from the Arduino can be used to control higher voltage appliances such as television, houselights; etc also the signal can also be used to send messages to control motors to turn off and on. Serial data can be sent and received, can be used for parallel data and digital pulse width modulation, and several other functions.
The Arduino analog pins make it possible for you to read incoming voltage between 0v to 5v, making it possible to read from sensors. There are several types of sensors; they range from the environmental sensors such as the pressure, temperature, gas, alcohol, etc to simple hands-on pressure sensors and rotary potentiometers, etc.
The Arduino is not just only a hardware open source but it is also software too. An Arduino chip has a free open source of integrated development environment (IDE). This IDE makes it possible for you to write and upload your applications into the Arduino board. The Arduino programming language is due to and based sole on the processing programming language of which a few clicks and a couple line codes will allow you to be able to upload your application to the Arduino board.
The Arduino chip can be used to send back data to the computer for control measures of software such as processing and Max/MSP. Also send data using USB with most models, some Arduino has extra features such as Bluetooth, Ethernet ports, add-on units which you can communicate using wifi and other protocols
The Arduino kit was originated by two students in Italy. And the idea they had was to build a microcontroller chip which can operate, control and interact with other electronic devices. And by May 2011, over 300,000 Arduino were sold.
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